Kavali
Its main uses are as cover cultivation, weed control, green manure and it is also attributed an insecticidal effect on soil pests. Obtaining excellent results in soil improvement, improves the physical-chemical quality of soils.
It produces about 35 tons of green matter.
It also stands out for its high grain production, obtaining productions of between 6 to 8 tons per hectare. Generating an alternative in the cultivation of legumes for animal feed.
The production of Kavali stands out for its very high percentages in protein, achieving percentages between 20 and 30% of protein, an aspect of great importance in the current livestock sector.
It can grow in poor soils, with little phosphorus content; sandy-loam to clay texture, although it develops best in fertile soils rich in organic matter. It prefers pH of 5-6, although it tolerates ranges of 4.3 – 8.0.
Also indicate that it has shade tolerance and moderately withstands flooding.
It is a fast-germinating, vigorously developing plant with a vegetative cycle of 12 to 14 weeks.
Kavali is normally established as a green manure, as it increases the levels of
organic matter in the soil (can produce up to 35 tons of green matter per
hectare). In addition, it is a plant that offers multiple benefits:
- It prevents the passage of light for weeds, limiting their development (at the beginning of their development it requires weed control, but 60 days after planting it begins to exert control over them). Since its growth is slow, it can be mixed with other annual cover crops (such as Crescent sunn or Loi) to control weeds.
- It fixes atmospheric nitrogen by its symbiosis with rhizobia (a type of bacteria). It is estimated that it can provide around 231 kg of nitrogen per hectare and that it improves the level of available nutrients (increases, for example, the availability of
iron and zinc). - It controls erosion when used as a cover crop (its leaves and stems form a protective layer making it a suitable plant to be grown on slopes.
- For the production of their seeds they serve to elaborate various supplements for animal feed.
Characteristics
- Very fast germination
- Weed control
- Nitrogen Fixation
- Large production of vegetable mass
Sheet
Scientific name of the species
Cannavalia ensiformis
Common name of the species
Kavali
Vegetative cycle
Annual, 6 to 8 weeks
Growth
Creeping-climbing
Height
0.8 - 1 m
Diffusion
Seeds
Soils
Deep, well drained. Sandy, silty and loamy loam
Drought tolerance
Loud
Frost tolerance
Casualty
Salinity tolerance
Medium - high
Flood tolerance
Does not tolerate
Total dry matter production/ ha
5,000 - 7,000 Kg of dry matter / ha
Palatability
Excellent
Toxicity
No
Planting period
From the beginning of the warm season.
Planting density
50 Kg / ha
Planting depth
1-2 cm
Remarks
Use as cover crops and grain production.
Implementation of Crescent Sunn
Preparation of the land
The preparation of the soil must be carried out in order to promote a good establishment of the crops, being used appropriate equipment in the correct period, considering that the preparation of the soil is one of the most important aspects for the birth. You must get a loose soil which will allow us to have the right planting depth.
Sowing and establishment
Data to take into account is the planting surface, the correct surface is 1-2 cm. deep in soil.
- The use of compactor curl in sandy soils improves the quality of planting based on the uniform acceleration of seed germination (not recommended for clay soils).
- It can be sown in direct sowing obtaining excellent results.
The establishment must occur when the luminosity and temperature are adequate for germination.
It usually coincides with minimum temperatures above 10 degrees Celsius.
Irrigation
Water is necessary for germination to occur.
When seeds are hydrated with soil moisture, they absorb water. It is the initial process of germination.
Sprinkler irrigation:
- Germination irrigation, of the amount necessary to make the moisture in the soil homogeneous, taking into account the climatic factors (wind, the type and texture of the soil, orography of the terrain). Provide enough water to gather moisture in the soil using a high volume of water to avoid having a problem of “cocion” of the seed due to the high temperatures existing on the date of implantation, always avoiding waterlogging.
- Subsequent irrigations: taking into account the climatic factors (wind, the type and texture of the soil, orography of the terrain) must be carried out at the request of the plant, the symptoms of irrigation needs are flaccidity and decay of the leaves.
- The water needs of the plant are increasing according to the growth of the plant, having to provide more water as the plant grows.
- In a first stage (still small plant) the plant does not tolerate an excess of water correctly.
Irrigation on foot or flooding
- First irrigation germination, with this type of irrigation takes even more importance the use of the roller compactor to avoid the possible dragging of the seed (provided that the texture of the soil allows us).
- Second half-cycle irrigation: it should be provided when the crop is in the middle of the cycle. However, as we indicated in sprinkler we must analyze the water need of the plant, being able to advance or delay irrigation at the request of the crop.
Forage use management
Forage
the flowering percentage of the plant will be directly linked to the percentage of hay protein. With a percentage of flowering low your protein percentages will be high. The hay must be made with the necessary moisture to maintain the highest quality, the quality is subject to the protection and safeguarding of the leaf.
Weed control
Crescent Sunn is one of the Fabaceae families which implies that it is classified as a broadleaf crop.
Narrow leaf weed control: Narrow leaf weed control can be done in pre-sowing or post-planting using any selective herbicide we find on the market.
Control of broadleaf weeds: this crop is a broadleaf crop we must take many precautions when choosing the herbicide to combat broadleaf. Exclusively as a tested herbicide we can recommend in pre-emergency Pendimetaline 45.5% at a dose of 2 liters hectare. The correct application must be carried out
With the seed established in the soil and after its application carry out an irrigation for its perfect action.
Subscriber
It should be noted that Crotalaria juncea is one of the families of legumes so it carries intrinsic its nitrogen fixation capacity in soil, an action it performs by capturing CO2 from the atmosphere and transforming it into nitrogen by fixing it by the nodules of its roots,
to do this action we must inoculate the seeds with Bradyrhizobium. Nitrogen fixation such as the contribution of organic matter and the reduction of the nematode population in the soil are its main characteristics that make Crescent Sunn an international reference green manure.
In its forage use, where the purpose is to get the highest possible yield to obtain the highest productions the fertilizer as in all crops is a basis to take into account.
Advisable fertilizers: the levels of phosphorus, nitrogen and potash must be maintained in their optimal state since they are macro elements that are linked to the growth of plant species. Fertilizers not very rich in nitrogen and high in phosphorus and potash are advised.
Diseases
Crescent Sunn can be sensitive to the plague of insects such as gardama, donut or polyphagous insects, if these were present in the crop we must treat with an insecticide containing pyrethrin, a systematic insecticide that can usually be found in stores.
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