Crescent Sunn

Crotalaria Juncea

Crescent Sunn (Crotalaria Juncea) is an annual herbaceous species of the Fabaceae or legume family, which stands out for its rapid establishment (large number of seeds germinating after 48-72 hours) and short vegetative cycle, only 6-8 weeks, it can reach up to 1.80 m2. Crescent Sunn is the only species Crotalaria Juncea approved by the University of Florida (USA) as a crop with double aptitude.

Use of green manure

Water and wind erosion control
Weed control
Increased soil macro and micro porosity
Control of fungal soil attacks
Population control of different types of nematode family
Large fixation of U.F. of Nitrogen, in addition to P and K
Incorporation of fast mineralizing organic matter
Increase in auxiliary fauna

Forage use

Short cycle (ideal as a second crop)
Outstanding percentage of proteins
High percentage of energy
Use for both hay and silo
High palatability
High in vitro digestibility
Making a forage use also performs soil improvement

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Crescent Sunn Guatemala

Crescent Sunn Republica Dominicana

Sheet

Scientific name of the species

Crotalaria juncea

Common name of the species

Crescent Sunn

Vegetative cycle

Annual, 6 to 8 weeks

Growth

Erect

Height

1.2 - 1.8 m

Growing season

Warm season

Diffusion

Seeds

Soils

Deep, well drained. Sandy, silty and loamy loam

Drought tolerance

Loud

Frost tolerance

Casualty

Salinity tolerance

Medium - high

Flood tolerance

Does not tolerate

Total dry matter production/ ha

5,000 - 7,000 kg of dry matter / ha

Palatability

Excellent

Toxicity

No

Planting period

From the beginning of the hot season

Planting density

30 - 40 kg / ha

Planting depth

1-2 cm

Remarks

Use as cover crops and forage production

Implementation of Crescent Sunn

Preparation of the land

The preparation of the soil must be carried out in order to promote a good establishment of the crops, being used appropriate equipment in the correct period, considering that the preparation of the soil is one of the most important aspects for the birth. It must be get a loose soil which will allow us to have the right planting depth.

Sowing and establishment

Data to take into account is the planting surface, the correct surface is 1 cm. deep in the ground.

The use of compactor curl in sandy soils improves the quality of planting based on the uniform acceleration of seed germination (not recommended for clay soils).
It can be sown in direct sowing obtaining excellent results.

The establishment must occur when the luminosity and temperature are adequate for germination. It usually coincides with minimum temperatures above 10 degrees Celsius.

Irrigation

Water is necessary for germination to occur. When seeds are hydrated with soil moisture, they absorb water. It is the initial process of germination.

Sprinkler irrigation:

Germination irrigation, of the amount necessary to make the moisture in the soil homogeneous, taking into account the climatic factors (wind, the type and texture of the soil, orography of the terrain). Fournir suffisamment d’eau pour rassembler l’humidité dans le sol, en utilisant un volume d’eau élevé pour éviter les problèmes de “cuisson” de la graine dus aux températures élevées à la date de plantation, en évitant toujours l’engorgement.
Subsequent irrigations: taking into account the climatic factors (wind, the type and texture of the soil, orography of the terrain) must be carried out at the request of the plant, the symptoms of irrigation needs are flaccidity and decay of the leaves.
The water needs of the plant are increasing according to the growth of the plant, having to provide more water as the plant grows.
In a first stage (still small plant) the plant does not tolerate an excess of water correctly.

Irrigation on foot or flooding

First irrigation germination, with this type of irrigation takes even more importance the use of the roller compactor to avoid the possible dragging of the seed (provided that the texture of the soil allows us).
Second half-cycle irrigation: it should be provided when the crop is in the middle of the cycle. However, as we indicated in sprinkler we must analyze the water need of the plant, being able to advance or delay irrigation at the request of the crop.

Management use of green or fodder fertilizer

Green manure

It must be incorporated into the soil during week 7 or 8 from planting, for the incorporation of organic matter not excessively fibrous and thus achieve its rapid mineralization. It is advisable to use it together with the inoculant seed to enhance its nitrogen fixation action.

It is advisable to sow the subsequent crop during the period of 60 days after the incorporation of Crescent Sunn into the soil.

Forage

The flowering percentage of the plant will be directly linked to the percentage of hay protein. With a percentage of flowering low your protein percentages will be high. The hay must be made with the necessary moisture to maintain the highest quality, the quality is subject to the protection and safeguarding of the leaf.

Weed control

Crescent Sunn is one of the Fabaceae families which implies that it is classified as a broadleaf crop.

Narrow leaf weed control: Narrow leaf weed control can be done in pre-sowing or post-planting using any selective herbicide we find on the market.

Control of broadleaf weeds: this crop is a broadleaf crop we must take many precautions when choosing the herbicide to combat broadleaf. Exclusively as a tested herbicide we can recommend in pre-emergency Pendimetaline 45.5% at a dose of 2 liters hectare. The correct application must be carried out with the seed established in the soil and after its application perform an irrigation for its perfect action.

Fertilization

It should be noted that Crotalaria juncea is one of the families of legumes so it carries intrinsic its ability to fix nitrogen in soil, an action it performs by capturing CO2 from the atmosphere and transforming it into nitrogen by fixing it by the nodules of its roots, so that it does this action we must inoculate the seeds with Bradyrhizobium. Nitrogen fixation as the contribution of organic matter and the reduction of the nematode population in the soil are its characteristics main that make Crescent Sunn a green manure of reference at an international level.

In its forage use, where the purpose is to get the highest possible yield to obtain the highest productions the fertilizer as in all crops is a basis to take into account.

Advisable fertilizers: the levels of phosphorus, nitrogen and potash must be maintained in their optimal state since they are macro elements that are linked to the growth of plant species. Fertilizers not very rich in nitrogen and high in phosphorus and potash are advised.

Diseases

Crescent Sunn can be sensitive to the plague of insects such as gardama, donut or polyphagous insects, if these were present in the crop we must treat with an insecticide containing pyrethrin, a systematic insecticide that can usually be found in shops.

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