{"id":14234,"date":"2021-08-16T20:28:07","date_gmt":"2021-08-16T18:28:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/esseeds.com\/les-cultures-de-couverture-quest-ce-que-cest-et-quels-sont-leurs-avantages\/"},"modified":"2021-12-14T08:49:14","modified_gmt":"2021-12-14T07:49:14","slug":"les-cultures-de-couverture-quest-ce-que-cest-et-quels-sont-leurs-avantages","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/esseeds.com\/fr\/blog\/les-cultures-de-couverture-quest-ce-que-cest-et-quels-sont-leurs-avantages\/","title":{"rendered":"Les cultures de couverture : qu&rsquo;est-ce que c&rsquo;est et quels sont leurs avantages ?"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-post\" data-elementor-id=\"14234\" class=\"elementor elementor-14234 elementor-13774\" data-elementor-post-type=\"post\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-72ad852 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default 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class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<h2><strong>Que sont les cultures de couverture ?<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La d\u00e9finition des cultures de couverture est la plantation d&rsquo;une ou plusieurs esp\u00e8ces v\u00e9g\u00e9tales en association avec la culture principale ou en alternance entre les p\u00e9riodes de production de notre exploitation afin d&rsquo;am\u00e9liorer notre sol agricole.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Histoire des cultures de couverture<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On pourrait dire que les anc\u00eatres des cultures de couverture sont la gestion agricole de la rotation des cultures.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1920, avec des terres agricoles fertiles et presque aucun aspect limitant pouvant conditionner la production agricole, on a utilis\u00e9 des cultures pour r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9rer la profondeur utile du d\u00e9veloppement des racines des cultures agricoles, appel\u00e9es cultures de rotation, utilis\u00e9es jusqu&rsquo;alors dans l&rsquo;agriculture existante, o\u00f9 il n&rsquo;y avait pas de diff\u00e9renciation entre traditionnelle, durable ou biologique.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1940, avec l&rsquo;apparition des premiers intrants agricoles, l&rsquo;utilisation de ces cultures a progressivement eu tendance \u00e0 dispara\u00eetre ou \u00e0 diminuer jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 ce que la pratique ait presque disparu, l&rsquo;utilisation de produits chimiques agricoles se substituant aux avantages des cultures en rotation de mani\u00e8re plus productive.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ce n&rsquo;est que dans les ann\u00e9es 1970 que l&rsquo;augmentation du prix des produits agrochimiques, associ\u00e9e \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9volution de la r\u00e9sistance des esp\u00e8ces aux facteurs limitants tels que les parasites, les maladies, les mauvaises herbes et les blocages de nutriments, a conduit \u00e0 la r\u00e9introduction de diff\u00e9rentes m\u00e9thodes de production, dont la culture en rotation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En outre, dans les ann\u00e9es 1970, les syst\u00e8mes agricoles ont commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 se retourner en termes de production et \u00e0 \u00eatre class\u00e9s comme un syst\u00e8me plus durable.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><strong>Avantages de l&rsquo;utilisation des cultures de couverture<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les avantages g\u00e9n\u00e9raux des cultures de couverture peuvent \u00eatre \u00e9num\u00e9r\u00e9s comme suit :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Am\u00e9lioration des capacit\u00e9s physiques et chimiques du sol.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00c9vitez l&rsquo;\u00e9rosion.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Augmente la capacit\u00e9 de r\u00e9tention d&rsquo;humidit\u00e9 en emp\u00eachant l&rsquo;\u00e9vaporation.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Conserve la mati\u00e8re organique dans le sol.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Nous emp\u00eachons la propagation d&rsquo;autres mauvaises herbes.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><strong>Avantages de Crescent Sunn comme culture de couverture<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les avantages de <a href=\"https:\/\/esseeds.com\/fr\/crescent-sunn-crotalaria-juncea\/\">Crescent sunn<\/a> en tant que <\/span><b>cultures de couverture<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> sont nombreuses et peuvent \u00eatre utilis\u00e9es \u00e0 la fois en association avec la culture principale et en alternance pour l&rsquo;am\u00e9lioration des sols agricoles en vue de la culture suivante.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dans ce qui suit, nous d\u00e9crivons les am\u00e9liorations apport\u00e9es en tant que culture de couverture de Crescent sunn (crotalaria juncea) :<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Am\u00e9liorer la capacit\u00e9 physique du sol<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">en raison de sa forte teneur en mati\u00e8res v\u00e9g\u00e9tales. En incorporant de la mati\u00e8re v\u00e9g\u00e9tale dans le sol, nous augmentons le nombre de macro et micropores, donnant ainsi une plus grande structure au sol agricole pour un plus grand stockage d&rsquo;eau dans ses cavit\u00e9s internes disponibles pour notre culture.<\/span> <span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Un autre fait notable est le contr\u00f4le de l&rsquo;\u00e9rosion hydrique et \u00e9olienne gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l&rsquo;augmentation de la mati\u00e8re organique.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Fixation de l&rsquo;azote atmosph\u00e9rique : <\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Crescent Sunn a un fort pouvoir de fixation de l&rsquo;azote gr\u00e2ce au taux \u00e9lev\u00e9 de nodulation de ses racines, capable de fixer jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 200 unit\u00e9s d&rsquo;azote par hectare.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Augmentation des param\u00e8tres nutritionnels disponibles pour nos cultures : <\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">En plus de l&rsquo;azote, nous incorporons du potassium, du phosphore et du calcium, ce qui augmente la fertilit\u00e9 de nos sols.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Syst\u00e8me racinaire puissant : <\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Grand syst\u00e8me racinaire, se d\u00e9veloppant non seulement dans l&rsquo;horizon A du sol ou rhizosph\u00e8re, mais p\u00e9n\u00e9trant \u00e9galement dans l&rsquo;horizon B ou sous-sol, remontant ainsi les nutriments accumul\u00e9s et effectuant un travail naturel du sol.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Lutte contre les n\u00e9matodes :  <\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">contr\u00f4le de la plupart des familles et sous-familles de n\u00e9matodes, car, en plus d&rsquo;\u00eatre une culture non-h\u00f4te, ses racines exsudent une substance n\u00e9maticide naturelle appel\u00e9e monocrotaline ; elle favorise \u00e9galement les \u00e9l\u00e9ments de biocontr\u00f4le du sol et l&rsquo;all\u00e9lopathie de ses feuilles rend impossible la r\u00e9g\u00e9n\u00e9ration des n\u00e9matodes, agissant contre eux comme un ovicide et agissant pleinement sur les stades juv\u00e9niles et adultes. Je recommande cet article sur les <a href=\"https:\/\/esseeds.com\/fr\/blog\/nematodes-3-facons-dont-crescent-sunn-peut-vous-aider\/\">avantages du soleil en croissant pour la lutte contre les n\u00e9matodes<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Action fongique : <\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Augmentation directe des antagonistes du sol contre <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Pythium\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Phityum<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Fusarium\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fusarium<\/a> et <a href=\"https:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sclerotinia_sclerotiorum\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Sclerotinia<\/a>.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><strong>Sant\u00e9 du sol contre les agents pathog\u00e8nes<\/strong><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">la sant\u00e9 des sols : cr\u00e9ation d&rsquo;un environnement hostile pour les pathog\u00e8nes du sol tels que Agroites sp.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tout cela augmente non seulement la quantit\u00e9 produite, mais aussi la qualit\u00e9 de la r\u00e9colte avec moins d&rsquo;intrants agricoles, de sorte que nous obtenons plus de b\u00e9n\u00e9fices par hectare.  <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">On peut dire que l&rsquo;avenir est d\u00e9j\u00e0 pr\u00e9sent dans l&rsquo;agriculture.<\/span><\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>la plantation d&rsquo;une ou plusieurs esp\u00e8ces v\u00e9g\u00e9tales en association avec la culture principale ou en alternance avec les p\u00e9riodes de production de notre exploitation pour am\u00e9liorer nos sols agricoles.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14166,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center 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